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1 itself
itself [ɪtˈself]a.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When used emphatically, itself is translated lui-même if the noun it refers to is masculine, and elle-même if the noun is feminine.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• the mere will to cooperate is by itself not sufficient la simple volonté de coopérer n'est pas suffisante en soi► in itself en soi• just reaching the semifinals has been an achievement in itself arriver en demi-finale a déjà été un exploit en soic. (reflexive) se* * *[ɪt'self]Note: When used as a reflexive pronoun, direct and indirect, itself is translated by se (s' before a vowel or mute h): the cat hurt itself = le chat s'est fait mal; a problem presented itself = un problème s'est présentéWhen used for emphasis itself is translated by lui-même when standing for a masculine noun and elle-même when standing for a feminine noun: the car itself was not damaged = la voiture elle-même n'était pas endommagéeFor uses with prepositions ( by itself etc) see 3 below1) ( refl) se, s'2) ( emphatic) lui-même/elle-mêmein the university itself — dans l'université même or dans l'université elle-même
he was kindness itself — c'était la bonté même or personnifiée
3) ( after prepositions) -
2 itself
itself [ɪt'self](a) (reflexive use) se;∎ the cat was licking itself clean le chat faisait sa toilette;∎ the dog hurt itself le chien s'est blessé(b) (emphatic use) lui-même (elle-même);∎ the town itself is quite small la ville elle-même est assez petite;∎ she's kindness itself c'est la gentillesse même∎ it switches off by itself ça s'éteint tout seul;∎ it's not dangerous in itself ce n'est pas dangereux en soi;∎ working with her was in itself fascinating le seul fait de travailler avec elle était fascinant
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